![]() Using a variety of sensitive techniques, the researchers analysed the patient's blood and tissue samples to closely monitor immune responses to HIV and the continued presence or even replication of the virus. ![]() This mutation makes it impossible for most HI viruses to enter human CD4+ T-lymphocytes, their major target cells.įollowing transplantation, the patient was carefully monitored virologically and immunologically for almost ten years. As in the cases of the first two patients named "Berlin" and "London," the Düsseldorf patient received stem cells from a healthy donor whose genome contains a mutation in the gene for the HIV-1 co-receptor CCR5. The patient, treated at the University Hospital Düsseldorf for his HIV infection, had received a stem cell transplant due to a blood cancer. The "Düsseldorf patient," a 53-year-old man, is now the third person in the world to be completely cured of the HI virus by a stem cell transplant. The reason for this is that the virus "sleeps" in the genome of infected cells for long periods of time, making it invisible and inaccessible to both the immune system and antiviral drugs. All rights reserved.An infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was previously considered incurable. HIV CCR5 dela 32 transplant HIV cure HIV remission.Ĭopyright © 2023 The Authors. CCR5Δ32/Δ32 haplo-cord transplant achieved remission and a possible HIV-1 cure for a person of diverse ancestry, living with HIV-1, who required a stem cell transplant for acute leukemia. Immune reconstitution was associated with (1) loss of detectable replication-competent HIV-1 reservoirs, (2) loss of HIV-1-specific immune responses, (3) in vitro resistance to X4 and R5 laboratory variants, including pre-transplant autologous latent reservoir isolates, and (4) 18 months of HIV-1 control with aviremia, off antiretroviral therapy, starting at 37 months post-transplant. Peripheral blood chimerism was 100% CCR5Δ32/Δ32 cord blood by week 14 post-transplant and persisted through 4.8 years of follow-up. We report the first remission and possible HIV-1 cure in a mixed-race woman who received a CCR5Δ32/Δ32 haplo-cord transplant (cord blood cells combined with haploidentical stem cells from an adult) to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Previously, two men were cured of HIV-1 through CCR5Δ32 homozygous (CCR5Δ32/Δ32) allogeneic adult stem cell transplant. ![]() 16 IMPAACT Operations Center, FHI 360, 359 Blackwell St, Ste 200, Durham, NC 27701, USA.15 National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.14 Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburg School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.13 Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR), Medical College of Wisconsin Clinical Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.12 Frontier Science & Technology Research Foundation, Inc, Amherst, NY 14226, USA.11 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Mattel Children's, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.10 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA. ![]() 9 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21025, USA.8 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology& Oncology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.7 StemCyte International Cord Blood Center, Baldwin Park, CA 91706, USA.6 Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.5 Family Health International 360, Durham, NC 27761, USA.4 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.3 Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine/New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10021, USA.Electronic address: 2 Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine/New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10021, USA. ![]() 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine/New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10021, USA. ![]()
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